Compound Monograph
Citral
Citral is a monoterpene aldehyde with a strong lemon scent, the main aroma compound of lemongrass.
Classification
Citral is a monoterpene aldehyde, part of the terpenoids class. The largest class of plant compounds, built from five-carbon isoprene units — the essential-oil aromatics, resins, bitter principles, saponins, and plant sterols.
Where Does It Come From? (4)
Citral is a naturally occurring monoterpene aldehyde, found in Lemongrass, Lemon myrtle, Catnip and 1 other source. It is well tolerated orally (low toxicity).
Research & Evidence
Citral is a monoterpene aldehyde and the principal compound behind the strong lemon scent of lemongrass and lemon myrtle. It is actually a mixture of two closely related isomers, geranial and neral. Citral is used widely as a lemon flavour and fragrance and as a starting material for the industrial synthesis of vitamin A and other terpenoids. Laboratory studies report antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.
Toxicity & Safety
Citral is consumed in small amounts as a flavouring and is generally regarded as safe at dietary levels. In concentrated essential-oil form it is a recognised skin irritant and contact allergen for some people. Ordinary dietary and flavouring use is not a safety concern.