Compound Monograph
Trigonelline
Trigonelline is a pyridine alkaloid abundant in coffee and fenugreek seeds.
Classification
Trigonelline is a pyridine alkaloid, part of the alkaloids class. Nitrogen-containing, often bitter and physiologically potent compounds — the group behind many of the strongest plant medicines and poisons.
Where Does It Come From? (3)
Trigonelline is a naturally occurring pyridine alkaloid, found in Coffee, Fenugreek and 1 other source. It is well tolerated orally (low toxicity).
Research & Evidence
Trigonelline is a pyridine alkaloid (the N-methyl betaine of nicotinic acid) found in substantial amounts in coffee beans, where it contributes to flavour and aroma development during roasting and partly breaks down into niacin. It also occurs notably in fenugreek seeds, from which it takes its name (Trigonella). It has been studied for possible effects on glucose metabolism and as a dietary phytochemical, though evidence in humans remains limited.
Toxicity & Safety
Trigonelline is a common constituent of widely consumed foods such as coffee and is generally regarded as having low toxicity at dietary levels. Its safety profile in concentrated or supplemental amounts is not well characterised.