Compound Monograph
Humulene
A sesquiterpene that contributes to the aroma of hops and is found in many plant essential oils.
Classification
Humulene is a sesquiterpene, part of the terpenoids class. The largest class of plant compounds, built from five-carbon isoprene units — the essential-oil aromatics, resins, bitter principles, saponins, and plant sterols.
Where Does It Come From? (5)
Humulene is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene, found in Hops, Cannabis, Various aromatic plants and spices and 2 other sources. It is well tolerated orally (low toxicity).
Research & Evidence
Humulene (alpha-humulene) is a sesquiterpene named after hops (Humulus lupulus), to whose aroma it contributes, and it is also widespread in other aromatic plants including cannabis, sage and ginger. It is structurally related to beta-caryophyllene, with which it often co-occurs. In laboratory studies it shows anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity typical of many sesquiterpenes, and it is of interest as an aroma component.
Toxicity & Safety
Humulene occurs naturally in hops, spices and other foods and is regarded as well tolerated at those levels. As with other concentrated essential-oil terpenes, undiluted material may irritate skin in sensitive individuals.