Compound Monograph
Terpinen-4-ol
Terpinen-4-ol is a monoterpene alcohol and the principal active component of tea tree oil, also present in marjoram and lavender.
Classification
Terpinen-4-ol is a monoterpene alcohol, part of the terpenoids class. The largest class of plant compounds, built from five-carbon isoprene units — the essential-oil aromatics, resins, bitter principles, saponins, and plant sterols.
Where Does It Come From? (6)
Terpinen-4-ol is a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol, found in Tea tree, Marjoram, Lavender and 3 other sources. It is well tolerated orally (low toxicity).
Research & Evidence
Terpinen-4-ol is a monoterpene alcohol best known as the main component of tea tree oil, to which much of that oil’s antimicrobial activity is attributed; it also occurs in marjoram, lavender and other aromatic plants. Laboratory studies report antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects, supporting the traditional topical use of tea tree preparations.
Toxicity & Safety
Terpinen-4-ol is generally well tolerated on the skin at the dilutions used in cosmetic and topical products, though essential oils containing it can cause irritation or allergy in sensitive individuals and are not intended to be swallowed. Tea tree oil should be kept away from children and pets, as ingestion can be harmful.