Jaceidin

Jaceidin at a Glance

Jaceidin is a lipophilic methylated flavonol — chemically 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3,6,3′-trimethoxyflavone, i.e. quercetagetin bearing methyl ethers at the 3-, 6- and 3′-positions. It is one of the minor flavonoids of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) aerial parts, where it sits alongside the sibling methylated flavonols tanetin and santin and the parent flavones apigenin and luteolin ^{1,2,4Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →Reference 2Michalak M et al. · 2024Chemical composition of extracts from various parts of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) and their antioxidant, protective, and antimicrobial activitiesView study →Reference 4Kashkooe A et al. · 2024ReviewExploring the phytochemistry, signaling pathways, and mechanisms of action of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip.: a comprehensive literature reviewView study →}. It also occurs in other Asteraceae, including Centaurea species ^{5Reference 5Seghiri R et al. · 2009A flavonoid with cytotoxic activity and other constituents from Centaurea africanaView study →}.

The honest posture: almost all of the biological data attach to the isolated molecule from non-feverfew sources, and there is essentially no feverfew-specific pharmacology for jaceidin itself. The single substantive study is an antitumor / anti-angiogenic investigation of jaceidin isolated from the desert shrub Chiliadenus montanus ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}. In feverfew, jaceidin is best understood as a marker constituent of the plant’s characteristic methylated-flavonol fraction rather than a driver of the herb’s traditional migraine use — that role belongs to the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide.

This is a thin, occurrence-plus-one-study molecule. The sections below stay deliberately lean.

Methylated-Flavonol Chemistry & Feverfew Co-Occurrence

Jaceidin belongs to feverfew’s distinctive suite of 6-oxygenated, O-methylated flavonols — flavonols whose several hydroxyls are partly capped as methyl ethers, making them more lipophilic (fat-soluble) than common dietary flavonols like quercetin or kaempferol. Structurally, jaceidin is quercetagetin (6-hydroxyquercetin) methylated at the 3-, 6- and 3′-hydroxyls, leaving free hydroxyls at 5, 7 and 4′ (molecular formula C₁₈H₁₆O₈) ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}.

In Tanacetum parthenium it co-occurs with a small family of chemically similar aglycones — most notably tanetin (6-hydroxykaempferol 3,6,4′-trimethyl ether) and santin — which together define the plant’s lipophilic flavonoid fraction ^{1,2Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →Reference 2Michalak M et al. · 2024Chemical composition of extracts from various parts of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) and their antioxidant, protective, and antimicrobial activitiesView study →}. These share the same biosynthetic logic (progressive O-methylation of a 6-hydroxyflavonol scaffold) and are frequently reported together, which is why jaceidin, tanetin and santin are treated as siblings across the feverfew literature ^{1Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →}.

A practical caveat on identity: jaceidin (a flavonol, 3-methoxy) is not the same molecule as jaceosidin (a flavone lacking the 3-position oxygen), and the two are easily confused in secondary sources. Bioactivity reports for jaceosidin do not transfer to jaceidin and are excluded here.

What It's Used For

The evidence base is small and lopsided: one in-vivo study of the isolate (from Chiliadenus, not feverfew) carries most of the weight, with the feverfew connection resting on the anti-inflammatory activity of the whole methylated-flavonoid fraction rather than on jaceidin tested alone.

Evidence by IndicationStrength of support · Beta

Support is an experimental score — weighted by study type (human > animal > in vitro) and volume. A beta, not a validated metric. Every row here rests on preclinical work, and only the first tested jaceidin as the isolate; read the per-row basis.

01Antitumor / anti-angiogenicShaky38%One in-vivo mouse study + in-vitro cytotoxicity of the isolate (non-feverfew source) ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}

02Anti-inflammatory (flavonoid fraction)Shaky24%Feverfew methylated-flavonoid fraction inhibits eicosanoid synthesis; jaceidin not individually tested ^{1Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →}

03Antioxidant (extract constituent)Shaky16%Inferred from flavonol class / whole-extract assays; no jaceidin-specific assay ^{2Reference 2Michalak M et al. · 2024Chemical composition of extracts from various parts of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) and their antioxidant, protective, and antimicrobial activitiesView study →}

Mechanisms

The load-bearing caveat: only the VEGF/VEGFR and cytotoxicity rows come from testing jaceidin itself, and both are from a single non-feverfew study ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}. The eicosanoid row is a fraction-level property of feverfew flavonoids ^{1Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →}.

Pharmacokinetics

No pharmacokinetic study of jaceidin exists. The only relevant data are in-silico ADMET predictions from the antitumor paper, which suggested that jaceidin’s O-methylation should improve hepatic metabolic stability and intestinal absorption compared with fully hydroxylated flavonols ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →} — a reasonable expectation for methylated flavonols in general, but predicted, not measured. Absorption, oral bioavailability, distribution, active metabolites and half-life are all uncharacterized for this molecule.

Clinical Trials

There are no clinical trials of jaceidin — no human data of any kind. All evidence is preclinical (one in-vivo mouse model plus in-vitro assays) and, for the feverfew connection, fraction-level.

Last checked: July 2026.

Isolate vs. Plant Studies

The split here is stark and worth stating plainly. The only isolate data come from a plant other than feverfew — jaceidin purified from Chiliadenus montanus ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}. The only feverfew-linked activity is at the fraction level — the methylated-flavonoid fraction of Tanacetum parthenium, within which jaceidin was not individually assayed ^{1Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →}. So for feverfew specifically, jaceidin is an occurrence claim, not an activity claim: it is present, un-quantified, and its contribution to the herb’s effects is unmeasured. Nothing about jaceidin’s pharmacology should be read as evidence for feverfew, and nothing about feverfew’s traditional use should be attributed to jaceidin.

Its Role in Plants

In Asteraceae such as Tanacetum and Centaurea, 6-oxygenated methylated flavonols like jaceidin, tanetin and santin accumulate mainly in aerial surfaces and are thought to serve the usual flavonoid ecological roles — UV screening and defence against herbivores and pathogens — with O-methylation increasing lipophilicity and surface deposition ^{1,5Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →Reference 5Seghiri R et al. · 2009A flavonoid with cytotoxic activity and other constituents from Centaurea africanaView study →}. This is general flavonoid biology inferred from the compound class and its distribution; no jaceidin-specific ecological function has been demonstrated.

Prevalence in Nature

Jaceidin is a minor flavonol of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) aerial parts, reported among the plant’s flavonoid constituents alongside apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, tanetin, santin, centaureidin and related methyl ethers ^{1,4Reference 1Williams CA et al. · 1999The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory propertiesView study →Reference 4Kashkooe A et al. · 2024ReviewExploring the phytochemistry, signaling pathways, and mechanisms of action of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip.: a comprehensive literature reviewView study →}. Its concentration in feverfew is not quantified in the sources reviewed here — a detailed HPLC profiling of feverfew organs detected the sibling flavonol santin (highest in the herb fraction) and quercetin/apigenin, but did not report jaceidin, underscoring how minor and inconsistently detected it is ^{2Reference 2Michalak M et al. · 2024Chemical composition of extracts from various parts of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) and their antioxidant, protective, and antimicrobial activitiesView study →}.

Beyond feverfew, jaceidin occurs across other Asteraceae: it was among the flavonoids isolated from the flowering and aerial parts of Centaurea africana ^{5Reference 5Seghiri R et al. · 2009A flavonoid with cytotoxic activity and other constituents from Centaurea africanaView study →}, and it is the compound characterized from the aerial parts of the desert shrub Chiliadenus montanus ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}. Because it has never been quantified in a food or herb here, no concentration chart is shown — the concentration gaps are logged in this compound’s gaps tracker.

Discovery & Synthesis

Jaceidin was first characterized as a natural product from Asteraceae flavonoid chemistry — its trivial name follows the Centaurea jacea group of knapweeds from which many “jace-” flavonoids were described — but no single, verifiable first-isolation report is pinned down here. Its structure is defined as quercetagetin 3,6,3′-trimethyl ether (5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3,6,3′-trimethoxyflavone), established by standard spectroscopic methods (UV, MS, NMR) in the phytochemical reports that isolated it ^{3,5Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →Reference 5Seghiri R et al. · 2009A flavonoid with cytotoxic activity and other constituents from Centaurea africanaView study →}. It is obtained by extraction and chromatographic isolation from plant material (e.g. Chiliadenus, Centaurea, Tanacetum); no total synthesis or commercial manufacturing route is documented in the sources reviewed.

Patents: not yet researched.

Toxicity & Safety

Jaceidin carries a low flag, in line with its status as a minor plant flavonol aglycone — but this reflects the absence of any reported toxicity signal rather than a positive safety record. There is no dedicated toxicology, no repeat-dose, genotoxicity or reproductive dataset for the isolate. The one in-vivo study dosed mice at 50 mg/kg three times weekly for three weeks as an antitumor treatment without flagging overt toxicity, but that study was not designed as a safety assessment ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}.

Safety at a Glance

✅ Low / no toxicity

• No toxicity signal reported. A minor flavonol aglycone; the single in-vivo study dosed mice repeatedly without noting overt harm ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}.
• Safety is uncharacterized, not established. No dedicated toxicology, genotoxicity, reproductive or repeat-dose data exist for the isolate — silence is not the same as safety.
• Asteraceae-family context. Whole feverfew can cause contact dermatitis, mouth ulceration and allergy in daisy-family–sensitive people; those cautions belong to the herb, and any jaceidin exposure is only ever as a minor part of it.
• Don’t borrow jaceosidin data. Toxicology (or efficacy) reported for the flavone jaceosidin does not apply to jaceidin.

Dosage

There is no established or recommended dose for jaceidin — it has no human use. The only figure on record is the research dose of 50 mg/kg in mice (three times weekly, 21 days) used in the antitumor study of the isolate from Chiliadenus montanus ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}, and the in-vitro cytotoxic concentrations of roughly 9–10 µM against HepG2 and MCF-7 cells ^{3Reference 3Elhady SS et al. · 2020AnimalJaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studiesView study →}. Herbal exposure is incidental and unquantified: jaceidin is a minor flavonol within whole feverfew preparations, which are standardized to parthenolide, not to their flavonols. These are research figures, not a personal recommendation.

References

1. Williams CA, Harborne JB, Geiger H, Hoult JRS (1999). The flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium and T. vulgare and their anti-inflammatory properties. Phytochemistry. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10382317/
2. Michalak M, et al. (2024). Chemical composition of extracts from various parts of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) and their antioxidant, protective, and antimicrobial activities. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39596244/
3. Elhady SS, Eltamany EE, Shaaban AE, et al. (2020). Jaceidin flavonoid isolated from Chiliadenus montanus attenuates tumor progression in mice via VEGF inhibition: in vivo and in silico studies. Plants (Basel). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32823927/
4. Kashkooe A, et al. (2024). Exploring the phytochemistry, signaling pathways, and mechanisms of action of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip.: a comprehensive literature review. Biomedicines. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39457613/
5. Seghiri R, Boumaza O, Mekkiou R, et al. (2009). A flavonoid with cytotoxic activity and other constituents from Centaurea africana. Phytochemistry Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2009.03.002