Condition
Celiac Disease
Celiac is an autoimmune disease triggered by a protein found in wheat known as gluten. Specifically, the reaction is due to the gliadin portion of the gluten protein.
Overview
Aetiology
Celiac is an autoimmune disease triggered by a protein found in wheat known as gluten. Specifically, the reaction is due to the gliadin portion of the gluten protein.
A significant immune reaction of the small intestine result in a flattening and gradual destruction of the microvilli. This eventually leads to malabsorption, and eventual nutrient deficiency conditions.
Causes are mainly genetic.
Presentation
Symptoms
Symptoms include chronic diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain, and excessive wind, often with weight loss and fatigue. Because nutrients are poorly absorbed, the condition can lead to anemia, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and in children, poor growth. Some people also experience non-digestive features such as an itchy blistering rash (dermatitis herpetiformis).
Assessment
Diagnostic Considerations
-
Blood Tests:
- IgA and IgG, anti-endomysium antibodies, HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ8
- Fe, B12, Folate, tHcy
-
Biopsy of small intestine
Assessment
Differential Diagnosis
- Non-Celiac Gluten Intolerance
Medical Treatment
- Gluten free diet
- Antiobiotics
- Corticosteroids
Herbs for Celiac Disease
Herbs
- Centella asiatica
- hydrastis
- Turmeric
- Slippery elm
- Calendula
Nutritional Medicine
- Glutamine
- Zn
- A
- C
- E
- Omega 3
- Quercetin
- Consider nutrient deficiencies
Diet
- Gluten avoidance
- Lower caffeine
- Protein
- High antioxidant intake
Supplementation
Supplementation (1)
Supplements, nutrients and compounds used for celiac disease.
Larazotide
Tight-junction regulator (zonulin-antagonist octapeptide)
An oral, gut-restricted zonulin-antagonist octapeptide trialled for celiac disease; its phase 3 trial was stopped for futility.
References:
- Volta, U., Tovoli, F., Cicola, R., Parisi, C., Fabbri, A., Piscaglia, M., … & Caio, G. (2012). Serological tests in gluten sensitivity (nonceliac gluten intolerance). Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 46(8), 680-685.